Wednesday 15 June 2016

Letter Of Complaint

                                                                                                                                         15-6-16

To whom this may concern,

I am writing this letter of complaint about your recent job opening for an 'Apprentice Digital Video Production Producer'. I feel that there are many problems with your form, after reading the opening through thoroughly. Why are the hours so vague? You've stated that the hours range from 10-45, similar to the salary ranging from £15000-£35000 if I was to work 10 hours does that mean I'm still being paid £35000, in comparison to someone else who is being paid £15000 to 45 hours. This is too great of a range and is very difficult to follow, I'm unsure whether I can live on this money. I also feel that it is unacceptable that you have stated that the applicant should be under the age of 30 this is against the equality act as this is completely age bias. As the job is for a Production Producer I feel that the applicant can be of any age, there is no signs of heavy labour or high movement.
Finally you have also stated that the applicant must have christian religious views, adding that the person must promote ideals of the christian faith trying to encourage young people. This is very unethical, you shouldn't enforce a religion onto people you should comply with equal opportunities.

The Equality Act was put in place in 2010 and replaced many different Acts from the 20th century. The Equality Act protects the public against unethical factors, for example your form stating the fact that the applicant has to be under the age of 30. Just because the applicant will be of a certain age this does not mean they're inadequate of doing the job, if you do not allow, then this also comes under the Equal Opportunities code of practise. Equal Opportunities are put forward by employers to ensure that they're hiring fairly. 
As I will be shooting at a school/college I will be the one liable to any sort of prosecution as there are no signs of a contract in place. Whereas I should have Employer Liability rights, if something was to go wrong in the location that I was filming I should be covered by Flipside Media. This all comes under the employees rights, there is no healthy safety put in place for me whilst shooting and I haven't been told about any sort of training. The applicant should be covered by a trade union such as BECTU which currently can protect a person for £120 per annum.

In one paragraph you have asked the applicant to shoot a group teens, asking them to renact any scenes that they may have experienced. What happens if one of the teens experiences a emotion change, you have not shown that there are any Codes Of Practise in place to protect the teens that will be in the shooting of the film. As the employer you should be putting policies and procedures in place to protect individuals from harm. Once again the applicant could become liable for prosecution as you haven't covered them. As long as not being protected, you have asked them to re-enact and dramatise the episode in which they were attacked in. Highlighting the point that you told the applicant to film the female victims and male offenders, this alone is once again a move toward the equality act. You're stating that the male has to be the offender and the female has to be the victim, by doing this you're representing both genders in a negative view. So by the media the males will be portrayed as being aggressive and offenders whereas the women will be shown as weak and defenseless.

Ofcom Broadcasting Code sets standards for British broadcasting, the organisation is made up of around 10 main sectors. The two I would like to put to you for this letter are 'Protecting the Under-Eighteens' and 'Harm and Offence', starting with under eighteens. On the Ofcom website in this sector this is a statement that says 'broadcasters should also be particularly careful not to provide clues which may lead to the identification of those who are not yet adult (the defining age may differ in different parts of the UK) and who are, or might be, involved as a victim, witness, defendant or other perpetrator in the case of sexual offences featured in criminal, civil or family court'. In your letter you have stated something that runs in parallel with this regulation, 'you should interview teenagers and other individuals who might be/have been affected by the topic'. If the applicant was to film these targets then they would be going against the code, as it shows the victims experiencing what they have already been through, this could effect any court cases etc. 

The second sector is 'Harm and Offence', part 2.4 states 'seriously antisocial behaviour and is likely to encourage others to copy such behaviour'. This affects your advert job role as you're showing no signs of helping the students to decompress after the filming, it also shows that you have no rules in place to not replicate the scenes that the viewer would have seen. So when displayed at a school nearby the students may go out and try and copy what they have seen in the clip, as there are no rules to stopping people from doing recreating the scenes. If the clip was to show signs of Obscenity then this would come under the 'Obscene Publications Act' which a lawyer will check when watching a clip so that there are no signs of infringement. Factors such as age range of the viewers and the time of production can go against this Act, although non of these will be in place for your clip as it will be shown to students (not age specifically stated). If the clip has Obscene content then it will have to be limited by the BBFC, an organisation that decides whether the clips are suitable for certain ages. Your clip will have references to sexual scenes this meaning that its unsuitable for certain ages, as some of the youngest viewers will be sensitive to this sort of clip, hence why BBFC is there to set an adversary. 
During the editing process one of your criteria is to use a popular music soundtrack, which will be difficult for the applicant as this is classed as copyright if they use the music without permission. You're only allowing £20 for production of the video which makes it difficult to gain the permission of a soundtrack, as this isn't enough for a licensing fee. 

In conclusion I really hope that you overview any further job applications that you may release to the public. Ensuring that in the future you revise the Equality Act so that every person is able to apply for your job, including religious views and age. I also hope that you can provide protection for all members of staff, specifically those that are filming as anyone who was to take this job are liable to get fined or prosecuted. Finally just ensure that all of the characters that will be in your shoot can be able to contact you if they experience any psychologic harm or emotion, and are at an adequate to be able to decide their own rights.

Yours Sincerely,

Toby Middleton



Monday 16 May 2016

Existing and Developing Technologies

Consumer Products


Most households have a camera this means that most are able to create a home film or clip, although in the 21st century cameras on phones are starting to level the market so in some cases people take photos or clips using there smartphone. Once the clip or photo has been taken you're able to edit them, companies have started to make it possible for consumers to purchase editing software such as Sony Vegas or Photoshop. By using these pieces of software you're able to compile clips or edit photos so that they're darker or lighter. Youtube is becoming bigger and bigger every day with many people having an account were they share videos that they have made, with these new software programmes consumers can start a new hobby making videos to post online.
Apple and Windows have in fact started to send out editing software on there computers when purchased, so most consumers that have a laptop are able to edit using either IMovie or Windows Movie Maker. 


Satellite and Cable

Houses are either connected through Satellite or Cable, these both mean that you're able to able to watch TV Broadcasters. Sky is a TV Broadcaster which only send there signals through satellite, this means that they only broadcast there TV signals to a Satellite Dish which sends the signals to each house with a Satellite installed. Cable is a slower technique of the two but flows underground so the signal could be much better although you do have to live in a modern area as most older houses aren't installed with cabling. Companies such as Virgin or BT send there signal through cable or Fibre optic. A much more popular technique in this age is Fibre Optic this method is more expensive but sends signals much stronger and quicker.

Analogue and Digital

From October 2012 you're now unable to watch analogue television, the process was called the "digital switchover". This meant that every house had to be upgraded from analogue to digital, digital is expensive and difficult to change although it allows you to watch many more channels. Analogue only in fact allowed you to watch a maximum of 7 channels, this meant you were very limited to choice. When new flat screen TVs started to become more available to consumers, more people were able to access digital TV as flat screens were fitted with software to control it. 

Internet and Interactive

Often the internet is respected by users in terms of media, most of the public visits websites which they've either payed for or are going to pay a one off to watch a certain film/tv show. Although there are a collect amount of the public that 'Pirate' media content, this means that they're obtaining an illegal copy of the content without paying. This means that the company receives zero money from that user and could lose the title completely from copyright. However if the user pays for the content fee then they're able to interact, in some cases the user is able to place the film onto a smaller device such as an ipod or tablet. Companies that own this sort of content make it easier as they add a code that allows you to install the film to a smaller device. The user is also able to stop, start and record the content but then cannot send the copy out for money.  

High Definition and 3D

Many televisions in the 21st century display in HD Display, this means that the video, audio and interface quality are much better than standard quality. Still most movie fans tend to watch new films in the cinema as the immersion and movie experience is much greater, as the cinemas are still developing you now have the choice between standard, IMAX and 3D. 3D struggles to compete with IMAX, as its expensive to watch the films and in some cases people find that they have to endure a headache half way through. A major blockbuster hit that made more consumers more enticed to watch 3D was the film Avatar, It used impressive visuals and motion to create a immersive film experience. Shortly after release it became the top grossing film of all time. 



Pay Per View, On-Demand Viewing, Streaming Content and Digital Recorders

In most cases people tend to stream a TV show as they find that they have missed it or found that it clashed with another show. We find it difficult to keep up to date with TV as we find that most programmes clash with other shows, and with the ability to only watch one at a time its almost certain that the person will miss one. Luckily most houses are starting to install either digital recorders or have sky installed. So most of the population tend to watch TV at a different point, after the show has been broadcasted to the general public. Although one session that a lot of the population will ensure that they're free for is 'pay per view', this means that you pay a one off amount so that you have the licence for a limited amount of time. Most boxing matches are pay per view and this is how they make the amount of money to give the boxers. 

Streaming content is similar to downloading but both have there differences, streaming means that you're taking content from the internet and watching it through wifi. With streaming you don't keep the content on the computer you watch it once and then the file disappears whereas downloading and recording means that you keep the content until you wish to delete it. For example SKY Boxes allow you to record TV shows, the content is then stored until you wish to delete it or watch it. Although its very easy to download and record most people tend to stream as this takes up very little space, also many companies that allow you to watch films with a subscription just allow you to stream it.  

Thursday 12 May 2016

Ownership and Funding

Ownership Concepts

Public Service Broadcasting refers to the public TV shows that are created to entertain the public rather than to gain money from the views. An example of this is BBC as the channel shows no signs of advertisement or product placement. BBC in an unprofitable organisation as they're funded completely by the government, this article completed by the BBC shows how much they gain from each household. 


Commercial Broadcasting this is a group of channels that are funded by advertising companies rather than the government. Companies such as ITV make the money to broadcast shows from corporate/private that wish to post advertisement onto there
broadcasting station. With this sort if channel there is no government assistance, the public do not pay for this channel, it is completely run on the money made from these sponsoring businesses. Commercial Broadcasting is also very reliant on ratings and channel views, if they have more views and higher ratings then these private sponsors are gonna pay more for the advertisement space. Whereas if the channel was to have less views and bad ratings then the companies will not pay as much to have that space, thus meaning that the shows have lower budgets. 


Corporate and Private Ownership is a broadcaster that is owned by a private company or a non-governmental agency, although the company can be owned by a collection of different organisations. An example of Private ownership is MTV, which is a company that broadcasts to 16-25, the owners of the channel saw the gap in the market so they created this channel. This is different to BBC as they produce shows that will be for a much wider range of ages.

Global Companies have a business that stretches worldwide, any sort of trading or
viewing is completed worldwide. By creating a show or channel that is universal the company will gain more money and publicity. An example of this is Youtube because anywhere in the world that you're your able to view Youtube videos. As Youtube is a social website creators are able to place there video on the internet from anywhere in the world. 

Vertical Integration is were a company owns an entirety of items across different sectors, so for example a business could own a Newspaper but also have there own TV Broadcasting Station. A prime example of this is Warner Bros. which is owned by Time Warner more specifically the film Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2, shows a clear sign of vertical integration. The reason why is because in many cases HBO broadcasted a behind the scenes viewing of Harry Potter before the film was released to the public. It also ran a special segment in Time Magazine to ensure that people went to watch it. This is an example of Vertical Integration because Time Warner not only used a TV Broadcaster to advertise there film but they also used the papers. 

Horizontal Integration this process means that the company stays in the same sector and buys out other companies to make themselves bigger although they don't have to buy out companies they can just develop themselves in that sector. An example of this is SONY whom created Casino Royale, but more specifically it was created by MGM and Columbia Pictures who're owned by SONY. SONY also created the soundtrack for Casino Royale and dispersed it onto Blu-Ray which is also owned by SONY. This showing that SONY colonised by buying out Columbia Pictures and MGM, then developed there company so that they could create the films audio and products. 


Funding Types

The Licence Fee is a set amount of money that you have to pay to be able to watch Public Service Broadcasted TV Shows, the licence also covers Televisions whether they're colour or black and white. Most british citizens have to pay this annual fee so they're able to use most technology in the house. Even if you're watching BBC Iplayer you must pay a licence fee as this is sourced by the BBC, which most of the fee is payed too.

Subscription in terms of media means that you pay a daily, monthly or annual fee towards TV broadcasting. For example a Corporate company such as SKY charge monthly as they own channels such as Discovery, Sky Atlantic and Comedy Central. By paying the monthly subscription you're able to watch any channels that are broadcasted by SKY as you have payed for there licensing. 

One off Payment to Own Product means that you pay a set amount and that product becomes yours forever, you're able to reply as many times as you wish. An example of this is DVDs, once you have bought the DVD it becomes yours, you're given the licence to watch the film. But that does not mean that you're able to create copies of it and sell it on.

Pay Per View is a process that only allows you to watch your chosen programme once the payment has gone through, in most cases you're able to watch the purchased clip for a certain time limit or a certain amount of times. Virgin Media often do this when a Boxing match is on, you have to pay there licencing fee, whether or not you already have the subscription to them, you must pay to watch that certain match when it is broadcasted. 

Sponsorship is when a company or broadcaster likes what you've created so they would sponsor you to create more, when they have payed you to make what you're making they will then broadcast that show onto there channel. An example of this is the Neistat Brothers who created just a few TV Shows and then sent them to HBO, whom after time decided they liked what the Neistat Brothers were creating so they sponsored them to create more. HBO would pay them money to make more shows so that HBO are able to broadcast it to there viewers.

Advertising is a method for a broadcaster to continue displaying shows, by having advertising spaces companies pay the broadcasters to show there product of. By doing this the broadcaster is able to pay for different shows, the more views the channel has the more expensive it'll be for a company to post there advert onto it. The slots just before Coronation Street are worth millions as this is the most viewed show on a channel that allows advertising. 

Product Placement is were a company pays a specific programme or film to place there product into it, but in some cases the owner of the film/programme may want there product to be enhanced by there show. In Hotel Transylvania there are many references to Sony Experias, this is because Sony has produced the film so they want there viewers to see there products aswell as watch a great film. The video shows all of the placements in the second film...



Private Capital means that a broadcaster is directly funded by a private owner or company. For example Facebook have just bought Oculus so that they can continue to develop software for users. By doing this both companies will gain a profit from the product, it helps to both expand the company that have sold the product and it also helps to advertise. 

Crowd Funding is were a company puts out to the public to support them into making there film. So all money is raised by the general public in aim to create what they have put out the asks for support on. Kickstarter, is a website that allows creators to put
forward their ideas. Users of the website can then chose to back a project or ignore it, if they chose to back the project the user can donate from $1 up. If the backer puts forward enough money they can become eligible for rewards from the creators. If the movie is good and gains enough support, then the movie can be produced. As well as films creators are able to upload products, an example of this is the OUYA which is an indie game
console that allows you to play games through your TV. Although with OUYA the console is just a small cube so it can be moved around with ease and it also allows you to play android games. After reaching the deadline OUYA had made $8.5 million, which was 904% of their original goal. 

Development Funds help to broaden the quality, ambition and range for film directors situated in the UK. You're able to apply for development funds but could be declined, the way to apply is through this selection of programmes. 
  • First Feature Film Development Programme
  • Feature Film Development Programme
  • Production Company Vision Awards
  • Signature Awards
BFI is a prime example of development funding, the company is a charitable film organisation mainly known as the British Film Institute. The business helps to fund those creators that need a little bit more money for production, the proposer is able to apply for funding at what ever level he/she is. Animated films are also allowed to apply for funding.

A recent film that has been funded by the BFI was 'The Lobster', a film about a hotel in which single peopler are placed. They must find romance within 45 days or they are transferred into a specific animal and sent into the wild. The film used famous actors such as John C Reilly and Collin Farrell, when released the film brought in near to $7,000,000.

Bibliography
http://www.bbc.co.uk/corporate2/insidethebbc/whoweare/licencefee/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2GBykUBK0u0

Thursday 5 May 2016

The Nature and Purposes of Research in the Creative Media Industries



Primary Research

Primary Research is any research that you have conducted yourself, for example in this project I completed primary research by creating a Survey/Questionnaire. By doing this I was able to question to public about how I would produce my documentary, this meant that I could find out what would gain more or less views. Some examples that I didn't conduct during Pre-Production are Interviews, Focus Groups, Forums and Internet Forums. I chose to only complete a survey as this was a quick and simple method, that would allow me to gain results quickly. 
  • For my documentary I completed a Survey Monkey, I was then able to send the link out to friends and family who were able to complete the questions. Survey Monkey allowed me to analyse the results without having to complete any excel files.
  • Whilst completing the PG Tips advert, I completed a survey with the rest of my group and sent that to the rest of the class. Although for this survey we sent it out after the viewer had watched the documentary, this meant that we could receive conducted feedback. 
Secondary Research

Secondary Resarch is any research that you have taken from a book or website. A few more examples of this type of research are Newspapers, CDs and Documentaries etc. I found this way much easier than Primary as I knew what I was going to be conducting and could gain the information that I wanted to hear. When researching Scouting I looked into how Cubs first started, I also looked at how the uniform is put together and finally an article that I found in the Newspaper. The Article was about Bear Grylls, when he came down to Great Yarmouth to meet many of the Cubs, I found this useful as it showed that Cubs is relatable to anyone who knows about Bear Grylls. 
Whilst completing the Depict short we had to watch many different shorts that meant and analyse them. That meant that we were able to see what Depict liked and could aim ourselves towards something that the target audience was looking for. 
PG Tips worked a little differently as we were given the option to choose a company that was owned by Unilever, so to find the company we first had to research them and then decide if that was what we wanted to redesign. Once we had conducted the secondary research we then had to present it to the rest of the class, using Prezi.

Quantitative Research

Quantitative Research is conducted by using statistics or figures. By doing this you're able to gain averages, this helps you to understand how popular one thing is in comparison to others. For example by looking at youtube view count you're able to tell how popular a video is, the view count may also tell you that the video is more relatable to your chosen subject. When researching for my documentary I looked into TV Schedules and genre popularity, the genre told me that many people enjoyed watching documentaries and in most cases documentaries took up prime time television.

Qualitative Research

Qualitative Research is conducted from reviews and opinions from different people, for example film reviews, game reviews and attitudes to media production. The research would be produced whilst reading different opinions and reviews, by doing this you're able to gain your own understanding of what people think. Often reviews can be very critical this can majorly effect people views on the item that has been written about. I found it difficult to conduct Qualitative research as my documentary is one of the first to be made about the chosen subject, so reading previous reviews from other documentaries similar to mine was difficult. 

Data Gathering Agencies

BARB standards for Broadcasters Audience Research Board, this website shows statistics on the highest viewed genres and titles. The website allows you to choose a channel and find out what its most viewed TV show is, you're also able to find the top ten viewed programmes of the week. IMDB is another website that uses statistics to shows its viewers whats popular and whats not, its helps for viewer to decide whether to watch a film or not although the views are created by the general public rather than a team that conduct the results. By having the reviews straight from the public the reader becomes much more relatable, as they can compare. Not only does IMDB show reviews and star ratings but it also shows what actors are in the program/film, this may help the public to decide whether to watch it due to the actor. There is plenty of information on IMDB ranging from grossing value to the storyline. 

Audience And Market Research

As I haven't yet posted my video on Youtube I'm unable to discuss the audience data, although I'm able to conclude that there were 2 females that completed my survey and 9 males. Although this is very gender bias, I found it very difficult to gain the opinions from females that would answer my Survey. This also shows the demographics in my clip, as I used mainly males to complete my survey, this may show a little bit of bias when analysing the data. By looking at the results from my survey monkey I was able to complete some changes to do with Audience Awareness, for example I ensured that the questions I asked the leaders were suitable and related to the chosen subject. When editing I found that some of the clips worked best with just the cubs playing around, this made the documentary much more raw and natural.  
The target audience for our PG Tips Advert was teenagers, we aimed to reach out to the teenagers of great britain. I feel that the audience data that emerged, show'd us that they enjoyed the TV Advert and would try to drink tea more often. 


Production Research


Is used to assist the developer when creating something new or developing, specifically you conduct this research to help understand characteristics of the genre/theme. It all depends what the clip is made for, for example we created a PG Tips Advert to advertise tea bags to the public. So that we had a strong knowledge for the product we decided to create a Prezi presentation that outlined all of the different aspects of PG Tips, this research helped to understand the product that we were advertising, when conducting the research we looked into demographics and target audience so that the advert would be beneficial. 

3 Minute Wonder Proposal

I intend to talk to the leaders at my local Cub group about why they help with Cubs, I would like to show the public why they volunteer and what they gain from it. The Documentary will mainly be filled with interviewees, with some shots showing the Cubs having fun and playing games. I hope to interview at least 4 different leaders, more if possible. A lot of the documentary will be Observational, as I intend to have the leaders voices over the top of the Cubs. There will also be signs of Reflexive as the leaders are going to be asked questions and will take up most camera time. The genre of my documentary is educational, as I wish to teach people that its 'ok' for you to help out younger children. It also has rewarding aspects too which I hope to teach people about. 

My target audience will be the age at which you're allowed to become a leader, so from 14+. With the large target audience this means that anyone can watch the clip and enjoy it, rather than focusing it on a small cluster of viewers, making increasing the viewers a lot harder. Therefore the primary will be people aged from 14+ and the secondary is those people that want to become a leader when they're old enough, so aged from 10-13. I wouldn't want my target audience to be any younger than that because I feel that they wouldn't understand the concept of how tough it can be to lead a group of young children. This means that their isn't any sort of demographics on my clip, as Cubs is multi faithful anyone can watch it and find it interesting. Although there is one demographic that effects my clip which is gender, all of the leaders are Male, so I feel that this may effect the viewers as they may find it difficult to relate if all of the 'talents' are Male. I feel that Psycho graphics will majorly effect the clip, if some has good personality then they will love to hear and watch about helping the community. I mainly intend to aim at the Heartlanders group of Psycho graphics, as they are the family group that look out for the best things they can do for others. By reaching out to them, this has an effect as they may think differently about taking their children to Cubs. 

I hope to show people that helping at Cubs is fun and rewarding, its also for any age and any gender. By creating a documentary this shows people what its like to be a leader, they're then able to compare and relate. It would then be amazing for them to go out and try it themselves, its my way of sharing a great hobby to other people for them to also enjoy. 

I will be filming at the Scout Hut in Gorleston, this is the location were 2nd Gorleston meet. As I also live in Gorleston, travelling to and from will be quick and easy this means that I can shoot more than once if necessary. I can also drive so moving equipment to the location at which I'm going to be shooting at is very simple. This is my only location for shooting so I will not be wasting time with travelling to the location. 


Sample Interview Questions

  • How long have you been a Cubs Leader for?
  • Why do you help at Cubs?
  • How do you come away from Cubs feeling?
  • How did you get into leading at Cubs? 
  • What are your future plans for 2nd Gorleston Cubs?

I have been given £5 for any props or costumes that I may need for the production of my documentary. Although there are no extra things that I need to use for my documentary so I won't need to use the money we have been given. The only cost that will arise is the price of my petrol to the location but unfortunately we're unable to claim on our fuel. Luckily all filming equipment is provided for us at our Sixth Form so I intend to use a Canon 700D with a 50mm lense as this gives a really clean effect on the visuals. I will also use a tripod when filming as this makes the shot steady whilst filming the interviews. 

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